A parenting time order can be changed only if the parent first establishes proper cause or a change in circumstances. This threshold requirement must be met before the court can consider whether the proposed modification is in the best interests of the child.

If the proposed change in parenting time does not affect the established custodial environment, the moving party must demonstrate by a preponderance of the evidence that the change is in the best interests of the child. However, if the proposed modification would alter the established custodial environment, the court requires clear and convincing evidence that the change is in the best interests of the child.

The established custodial environment is defined as the environment where the child naturally looks to the custodian for guidance, discipline, the necessities of life, and parental comfort over an appreciable period.

Note that proper cause or change in circumstances in such cases can be more broadly interpreted compared to cases involving changes in custody.

So, fundamentally, the circumstances under which a parenting time order can be changed depend on whether the proposed change affects the established custodial environment and whether proper cause or a change in circumstances can be demonstrated. If those questions are answered favorably for the parent seeking the change, then the court will consider whether the proposed change is in the child’s best interest.

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